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Friday, 29 May 2015

’86 books in 218 days!’

“The imagination is a muscle.  If it is not exercised, it atrophies.” 
– Neil Gaiman

D/DLI 7/773/4 Layout of the library at Stralsund Camp, reprinted from The Library Association Record, vol. XXI, September 1919
D/DLI 7/773/4 Layout of the library at Stralsund Camp, reprinted from The Library Association Record, vol. XXI, September 1919
One of the recent additions to Durham at War is the story of Captain Henry Wilkinson, 8th Battalion, Durham Light Infantry, who wrote a diary of his time as a prisoner of war in 1918.  The camp had a library that had been set up by two fellow prisoners of war, L. Newcombe and J.H.E. Winston. They were both officers in the Yorkshire Regiment and librarians in civilian life.  At the end of Wilkinson’s diary is a list of all the books he read during his imprisonment ’86 books in 218 days!’

One of our Durham at War volunteers has been doing some research into this book list (some were easier to find out about than others) to see what type of thing Henry Wilkinson was reading.  The result is quite the mixture!  That said, the library was not brimming with choice, at least not to begin with.  In a journal article written by Newcombe and Winston they say early on that

‘… many of the books were odd volumes or had pages missing, or if they happened to escape these drawbacks their subject matter was often of a very trashy description that the actual readable material was lamentably small.’

The library was later able to obtain technical and instructional books as well as better quality fiction.  POWs were also able to order their own books. 

The list will be explored in Wilkinson’s order of reading so we begin with the first five books on his list.

A Noble Life, Dinah Maria Mulcock Craik, published 1866, read 15 June 1918.
Charles Montgomerie, an earl who is confined to a wheelchair but seeks to improve the lives of those around him by building schools and churches.  He makes his close friend, Helen, and any children she may have, heir to his property.  On discovering this, a gold-digging relative marries Helen and abuses her.  He dies first however, and their son grows up under the guidance of Earl Montgomerie and learns his compassionate ways.  (Summarised from http://www.victorianweb.org/authors/craik/mitchell/4.html ). 

The Human Interest: A Study in Incompatibilities, Violet Hunt, published 1899, read 16 June 1918.
A shallow and unhappy wife from Newcastle throws herself at London’s artistic circles and ends in farcical desperation by taking what she thinks is poison. (Summarised from ‘Henry James: A Life in Letters’, Philip Horne’s editorial notes)

Violet Hunt was born in 29 Old Elvet, Durham though moved to London at the age of 3.  She better known for her involvement in literary circles than for her actual writing.

Snow Bound at Eagle’s, Bret Harte, publish date unknown, read 17 June 1918.
Six passengers on a stage are bushwhacked by three road agents as they try to make it through Eagles Pass before the snow closes it for the winter. This holiday story has a romantic angle as well.  (Summarised from various booksellers)

The World Set Free, HG Wells, published 1914, read 18 June 1918.
The book is based on the notion of nuclear weapons of a more destructive sort than the world had yet seen. It first appeared as a serial with a different ending as A Prophetic Trilogy, consisting of three books: A Trap to Catch the Sun, The Last War in the World and The World Set Free.  It begins ‘The history of mankind is the history of the attainment of external power. Man is the tool-using, fire-making animal…’ (summarised from Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_World_Set_Free )

Cover of Ship's Company by WW Jacobs, Project Gutenberg
Ship’s Company, WW Jacobs, published 1911, read 18 June 1918.
Ginger, Pete and Sam are a group of sailors whose exploits unfold in a tale narrated by the redoubtable night watchman. (Summarised from an Amazon.com review)

All the books except for Violet Hunt’s The Human Interest can be found on the Project Gutenberg website.  If you have read any of these, or feel inspired to do so let us know and give a review!

Friday, 22 May 2015

For Valour

For Valour image

A new exhibition of Victoria Cross paving stones was launched on Friday 16 May at the DLI Museum. Images from the launch can be seen on the Museum Friends' blog.

The seven paving stones for the men born within the present County Durham are on display along with related items. The exhibition also provides information about the three Durham Light Infantry VC winners who were born outside the county.

The exhibition is free (museum admission applies) and is open Wednesday to Sunday 10.30am - 4.00pm. It is also open on Bank Holidays and Tuesdays during school holidays.

The paving stones are on display in the Museum until they are permanently located in the birthplace of each Victoria Cross recipient, on the 100th anniversary of the action for which the honour was awarded.

You can find out more about these 10 men on the Durham at War website.

County Durham


Outside County Durham

Friday, 15 May 2015

Quakers of Darlington

Jane Wilson, one of our Durham at War volunteers, has written the following blog post on the research and transcribing she has been doing.

The quest for peace during the First World War was uppermost in the minds of many people, amongst them the Quaker community within Britain. Over the past few weeks I have come to learn more about the Quakers in Darlington as part of my project to transcribe the minute books from the Quaker Meetings. Covering the years of WWI, they have opened up to me the structure and organisation of a group of people which, while acknowledging the suffering and hardship brought about by the conflict, still tirelessly campaigned for the promotion of peace.

Many local family names have cropped up among those mentioned in the minute books, all of them taking part in various roles within the Darlington Local Meeting. Those of us familiar with Darlington history will recognise surnames such as Pease and Backhouse, but other names appearing regularly include Hodgkin, Clark, McDermid, Mounsey, Sibson and Steel.

The Darlington Meeting made commitments over the years in reaching out to its own members, and those of other church congregations, by arranging lectures, talks, and services to promote Peace rather than conflict. They also encouraged groups to meet and discuss topics such as disarmament, peace promotion, and conscientious objectors.
Darlington Friends Meeting House, used with kind permission
Darlington Friends Meeting House; used with kind permission of the Darlington Friends
They did however acknowledge the need of communities in Britain and Europe who had suffered greatly as a result of the war and took collections and made donations to many varied charities and funds. Some of those supported include the Armenian Relief Fund, Balkan War Victims Fund, Red Cross, Prince of Wales War Relief Fund, Russian Famine Fund and the Emergency Committee for Assistance of Germans, Austrians and Hungarians. They were willing to spread their assistance on a wide geographic basis.

As well as offering financial aid to various organisations, they helped on a local level including offering rooms to the Red Cross for accommodating wounded soldiers.

Some of those mentioned in the minute books volunteered for the Friends Ambulance Unit and the Quaker website at http://fau.quaker.org.uk shows record cards for local people who served as part of the unit. Harold Clark, Robert Inniswood Handley, Maurice Sibson, J Parker Steel and Mary Pease are five people so far who I have traced as belonging to the Friends Ambulance Unit, serving both at home and abroad. Their record cards are available through the website, complete with personal details, service history and photographs. The record cards helped me put faces to names, and I now feel a stronger connection to these people – almost as if I knew them personally.

The Darlington Meeting would gather at very regular intervals, as well as sending four representatives each month to the larger Area Meetings. These took place at a variety of Meeting Houses and the Darlington representatives would be expected to travel as far as Cotherstone, Stockton, Bishop Auckland, and Middlesbrough.

When transcribing the minute books I have been struck by how organised, yet complicated the structure of the Quakers was. There were committees  for everything and decisions would be made only after consultation with yet another committee. I did wonder if I was doing the organisation a disservice by being too fixated about their committees until I had to transcribe the following note from the Joint Preparative Meeting on 16th September 1917:
'Note 7 – The Standing Committee Committees Revision Committee is postponed'
Definitely one committee too many in my opinion!

It is interesting to read on the Quaker website today that 'Our national Quaker structures are quite complex' and that 'there are lots of groups and committees'. So not a lot has changed.

There are still more entries in the minute book to transcribe and I am looking forward to following more of the familiar names I have met, reading about more committees and also finding out more about some of the individuals named as I feel very close to this early 20th Century Quaker community without actually being a member.